Patient-Reported Dysphagia After Thyroidectomy - JAMA A qualitative analysis of data extracted was conducted. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Greenblatt et al. You may have follow-up appointments once or twice a year for several years after treatment ends. https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.305.4767, Article Diagnosis of dysphagia in thyroidectomy patient should begin with clinical evaluation and confirmed by videfluorocsopy or videoendoscopy. Frequency of swallowing disorder was similar in patients with sixth level dissection and patients with additionally lateral neck dissection (lateral neck dissection: 2 out of 6; sixth level dissection: 4 out of 12 patients). Swallowing disorders after thyroidectomy: What we know - ScienceDirect The instrumental findings revealed non-specific alterations of swallowing. 2013 Jun;148(6 Suppl):S1-37. Associations & Partners World J Surg. World J Surg 32(3):381385. The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve is not exposed routinely. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-011-2116-0, Kim WW, Jung JH, Lee J et al (2016) Comparison of the quality of life for thyroid cancer survivors who had open versus robotic thyroidectomy. We found a significant risk of postoperative dysphagia in patients with Graves disease and carcinoma and a decreased risk for patients operated on for hyperparathyroidism. Privacy Policy A prospective study comparing the trauma of 3 different thyroidectomy surgical approaches. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Rare complication after thyroidectomy-cervical esophageal stenosis: a A speech-language pathologist performing head. A speech-language pathologist performing head positioning on a patient. Before Would you like email updates of new search results? MeSH Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. CAS Cervical esophagus perforation is an exceptionally rare complication after thyroidectomy; it can usually be resolved by conservative care. Quality of life is not influenced by the extent of surgery in patients with benign goiter. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. I'm Carrie. Considering long-term follow-up period, 12 studies reported an overall improvement of swallow symptoms. Dysphagia continued to be reported in a significantly lower proportion of patients, even 1year after surgery. Dysphagia is a typical symptom complained of preoperatively by patients with enlarged thyroid due to a direct compression of the swallowing organs.1 In these patients, uncomplicated thyroidectomy often leads to improvements in perceptions of swallowing function.2 But impaired swallowing and neck strangling also occur postoperatively. This content does not have an English version. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Dysphagia. The .gov means its official. One (0.5%) patient stated that up to 3 months postoperatively, swallowing problems had been successfully treated by logopedic therapy. Disclaimer. 2020 Jun;59(Suppl 1):38-49. doi: 10.20471/acc.2020.59.s1.05. A quantitative synthesis of the results followed. 2023 Jan 11;8(1):140-149. doi: 10.1002/lio2.1009. Thyroid 22(8):814819. 2004. A systematic review was performed to identify studies concerning dysphagia post uncomplicated thyroid surgery. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal It goes in your nose about this far, just a little bit past that white line. All rights reserved. The most common complications after thyroidectomy are injuries associated with the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid gland. Clin Nurs Res 28(5):615635. The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work. Of 26 patients surveyed, 80% (n = 20) perceived dysphagia 2 weeks after thyroidectomy; 42% (n = 11) at 6 weeks; and 17% (n = 4) at 6 months after total thyroidectomy. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution - Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License. Thyroidectomy is a well-described procedure used to excise the thyroid gland. Figure 1 Frequency and duration of postoperative dysphagia complaints. J Clin Med. For the partial thyroidectomy groups, dysphagia symptoms decreased from 8 % to 5 % after surgical treatment. Most of the symptoms resolved within 3 months of operation, but we found longer lasting dysphagia in almost 20% of patients. 2013 Nov;20(12):3869-76 official website and that any information you provide is encrypted The systematic review of the literature resulted in 35 articles, which met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed regarding their type, sample, follow-up and results regarding post-thyroidectomy dysphagia in multiple follow-up times. eCollection 2022. This study revealed that as many as 80% of patients who have thyroidectomy may experience swallowing-related symptoms after surgery, and many develop compensatory strategies to manage or reduce the burden of these symptoms. 2017 May;41 Suppl 1:S94-S102. Am J Surg. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 276(10):26612671. 2017 May;41 Suppl 1:S94-S102. Del Rio P, Carcoforo P, Medas F, Bonati E, Loderer T, Koleva Radica M, Cal P. BMC Surg. Dysphagia after uncomplicated thyroidectomy can arise early in the postoperative period resolving spontaneously in the first year. Swallowing disorders after thyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Impact of Post-Thyroidectomy Neck Stretching Exercises on Neck Discomfort, Pressure Symptoms, Voice and Quality of Life: A Randomized Controlled Trial. I'm a speech pathologist. In the group of smokers, 5 out of 24 (20.8%) patients reported dysphagia and 34 out of 194 (17.5%) non-smokers patients reported dysphagia (no significant difference; chi-squared test=0.2). ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 82(5):274284. Impaired swallowing and neck strangling following uncomplicated operative thyroid or parathyroid resection are frequently complained of by patients.3,4 Intraoperative nerve injury regularly causes postoperative dysphagia, but dysphagia is also complained of after uncomplicated thyroidectomies.2,5 These symptoms are usually dismissed by the clinicians or attributed to orotracheal intubation.6 In many patients, correlations for these swallowing disorders cannot be found in objective test results.6 Reasons for dysphagia and esophageal motility changes after uncomplicated thyroidectomy could be lesions of the perithyroidal neural plexus, changes in the laryngeal vascular supply, postoperative adhesions, decreased pressure of the upper esophageal sphincter, or changed position after thyroidectomy.5 Here, we investigated the incidence of postoperative dysphagia after uncomplicated thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy. https://doi.org/10.1159/000508683, Ryu JH, Yom CK, Park DJ et al (2014) Prospective randomized controlled trial on the use of flexible reinforced laryngeal mask airway (LMA) during total thyroidectomy: effects on postoperative laryngopharyngeal symptoms. Follow-up tests may include: Physical exam of . Open access peer-reviewed scientific and medical journals. We did not detect objectively measurable alterations in these patients. http://www.entnet.org/content/swallowing-trouble. days after surgery. Your voice probably will be hoarse, and you may have trouble talking. You may also notice swelling, firmness, a pulling sensation, or even some trouble swallowing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00268-003-6903-1, Sasaki A, Nakajima J, Ikeda K et al (2008) Endoscopic thyroidectomy by the breast approach: a single institutions 9-year experience. Supraclavicular Approach of Lobectomy Improves Quality of Life for Patients With Unilateral Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: A Prospective Cohort Study. All tests of significance were at the P<0.05 level. Types and timing of therapy for vocal fold paresis/paralysis after thyroidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Further, we provided a specifically designed questionnaire, which, with simple questions, covered the spectrum of symptoms typically reported by affected patients. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surg.2009.09.010, Article Disclaimer. https://doi.org/10.1111/coa.12913, Rosato L, Avenia N, Bernante P et al (2004) Complications of thyroid surgery: analysis of a multicentric study on 14,934 patients operated on in Italy over 5 years. Should Contralateral Nodules Be an Indication of Total or Completion Thyroidectomy for Patients With Unilateral Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma? Dysphagia. Management of compression symptoms of thyroid goiters Quality of life after thyroid surgery in women with benign euthyroid goiter: influencing factors including Hashimotos thyroiditis. Arakawa-Sugueno L, Ferraz AR, Morandi J et al (2015) Videoendoscopic evaluation of swallowing after thyroidectomy: 7 and 60 days. This content does not have an Arabic version. eCollection 2022. Lombardi et al report that the incidence and the severity of dysphagia is significantly reduced in patients who undergo video-assisted surgery compared with conventional surgery.16 In most cases, correlations for these swallowing disorders do not translate into objective findings and a discordance between objective deterioration and subjective symptoms is reported.6 Altered objective test results were reported by Scerrino et al. Dysphagia - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Sixteen patients (7.3%) stated that at a maximum of 3 months after surgery they suffered from dysphagia (answer c). Only 3 studies discussed topics related to "swallowing function assessment/treatment and thyroidectomy". In 39 (17.6%) patients, the complaints persisted for more than 3 months or still existed at the time of the interview. We did not use a well-validated method or the swallowing quality of life validated outcomes assessment tool.2 Our questionnaire was not validated in the general population or in other studies. Epub 2022 Apr 19. Accessed Sept. 24, 2021. Surgery might be needed to relieve swallowing problems caused by throat narrowing or blockages, including bony outgrowths, vocal cord paralysis, pharyngoesophageal diverticula, GERD and achalasia, or to treat esophageal cancer. Methods: Cureus. eCollection 2023 Feb. Papadopoulou E, Sapalidis K, Triaridis S, Printza A. J Clin Med. 2008 May;32(5):693-700 The type of surgical treatment depends on the cause of dysphagia. This study is retrospective, which means no preoperative swallowing disorders were raised and the duration of the postoperative survey was not uniform. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 127(3):171177. Most studies find that quality of life improves after thyroidectomy, although there are also some contradictory results.1013 Assessment of dysphagia is presumably insufficient in these studies, because the item dysphagia is underrepresented. Methods: Therefore, the aim of this paper was to discuss issues regarding speech therapy such as voice therapy and dysphagia for patients after thyroidectomy. Swallowing disorders after thyroidectomy: a systematic review - PubMed https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.27297, Ikeda Y, Takami H, Sasaki Y et al (2002) Comparative study of thyroidectomies. -, ANZ J Surg. Epub 2022 May 30. Allscripts EPSi. A narrative review of current therapies in unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve injury caused by thyroid surgery. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 16(4):226231. World J Surg 28(3):271276. An official website of the United States government. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 56(10):13141320. Mayo Clinic. Notes: aIncluded two patients with parathyroidectomy. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097, Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM et al (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Accessibility Google Scholar. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 135(4):342346. Additionally, some studies have addressed dysphagia after thyroidectomy, but few have discussed assessment and treatment of dysphagia after thyroidectomy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-021-06661-4 (Epub ahead of print 2021/02/18), Park YM, Oh KH, Cho JG et al (2018) Changes in voice- and swallowing-related symptoms after thyroidectomy: one-year follow-up study. Difficulty swallowing associated with GERD can be treated with prescription oral medications to reduce stomach acid. Swallowing disorders after thyroidectomy: What we know and where we are. Ryu JH, Yom CK, Park DJ, et al. Women with GD who are pregnant, nursing, or who have young children at home would benefit from a surgical consultation in an effort to . We give you different consistencies of food items to swallow and watch you swallow those. Total Thyroidectomy (Discharge Care) - Drugs.com Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. government site. Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was diagnosed by means of laryngoscopic examination. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599813482299, Sorensen JR (2018) The impact of surgery on quality of life, esophageal motility, and tracheal anatomy and airflow in patients with benign nodular goiter. Register your specific details and specific drugs of interest and we will match the information you provide to articles from our extensive database and email PDF copies to you promptly. Post Total Thyroidectomy Deglutition Syncope. The common post-thyroidectomy neurological complications noted were hoarseness of voice (6 patients), loss of voice pitch (7), breathy voice (8), respiratory stridor (2), and dysphagia to liquids (8). 2022 Jan 4;12:766444. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.766444. Dysphagia reverted to pre-operative levels 2-3 months later. Accessibility Galluzzi F, Garavello W (2019) Dysphagia following uncomplicated thyroidectomy: a systematic review. Diagnostic methods failed to identify the physio pathological mechanism of swallow alteration leaving this condition still unclear. Sixteen patients (7.3%) stated that after a maximum of 3 months after surgery they suffered from dysphagia. Go ahead and take a bite of one of those. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the University of Ulm (Nr 141/15). J Laryngol Otol 119(12):973975. DISCHARGE INSTRUCTIONS: Seek care immediately if: You have sudden tingling or muscle cramps in your face, arm, or leg. Conclusion: Nearly 20% of patients reported postoperative dysphagia after uncomplicated thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy, especially after major surgical intervention. The site is secure. Accessed 1 Nov 2020, Alkan Z, Yigit O, Adatepe T et al (2014) Effect of anti-adhesive barrier use on laryngotracheal movement after total thyroidectomy: an electrophysiological study. We found that patients in this group are at high risk of dysphagia, since bilateral thyroid surgery is performed in these patients, often with lymph node dissection. Would you like email updates of new search results? Management of compression symptoms of thyroid goiters - ResearchGate ani-Hadibegovi A, Hergei F, Babi E, Slipac J, Prstai R. Acta Clin Croat. It is normal to have these problems for up to 6 months after a total thyroidectomy. And one more. Further, we analyzed diagnosis and types of therapy to identify possible patients at risk. Videoendoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing After Thyroidectomy: 7 and 60 https://gi.org/topics/dysphagia/. Multinodular goiter: Overview, causes, and treatment - Medical News Today Further, there was no dependency of dysphagia on gender. Notes: The more invasive the operation was, the more patients suffered from dysphagia. 2019 Feb;129(2):519-524. doi: 10.1002/lary.27297. Furthermore, we report a foreign body/sticky sensation in the throat as an . Google Scholar, Atasayar S, Guler Demir S (2019) Determination of the problems experienced by patients post-thyroidectomy. The current literature available on MEDLINE database, concerning the swallowing disorders appearing after the thyroidectomy was reviewed. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.02.030. Surg Endosc. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 148(6):926932. Analyzing the frequency of dysphagia according to different diagnoses, we found a significant risk of postoperative dysphagia in patients with Graves disease and carcinoma. 2022 Sep;279(9):4213-4227. doi: 10.1007/s00405-022-07386-8. Thyroid cancer - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic Complications of thyroid surgery: analysis of a multicentric study on 14,934 patients operated on in Italy over 5 years. Accessibility Quality-of-life impairments persist six months after treatment of graves hyperthyroidism and toxic nodular goiter: A prospective cohort study. Number 3099067. Vardaxi C, Tsetsos N, Koliastasi A, Poutoglidis A, Sapalidis K, Triaridis S, Printza A. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. Carrie: That's the absolute worst part right there. One (0.5%) patient stated that up to 3 months postoperatively, swallowing problems had been successfully treated by logopedic therapy (answer d). Park YM, Oh KH, Cho JG et al (2018) Changes in voice- and swallowing-related symptoms after thyroidectomy: one-year follow-up study. eCollection 2023 Jan. Front Surg. The literature available at PubMed, SciELO and Cochrane Library databases was reviewed, according to PRISMA guidelines, using the terms dysphagia, swallowing disorder, deglutition disorder, thyroidectomy and thyroid surgery in the appropriate combinations. Online ahead of print. Fass R. Approach to the evaluation of dysphagia in adults. Conclusion Dysphagia occurs in patients after thyroidectomy operations (regardless of larynx mobility alteration) and characterized by delayed triggering and stasis of food in the oro and . I put a little green food coloring in the liquid and the puree that just allows us to see it better when the cameras in place. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-010-1113-z, Tae K, Kim KY, Yun BR et al (2012) Functional voice and swallowing outcomes after robotic thyroidectomy by a gasless unilateral axillo-breast approach: comparison with open thyroidectomy. Accessed Sept. 25, 2021. Thyroidectomy-related Swallowing Difficulties: Review of the Literature. Contact Us Google Scholar, Wasserman JM, Sundaram K, Alfonso AE et al (2008) Determination of the function of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve after thyroidectomy. After those tests, you'll see your doctor and get a thyrotropin alfa (Thyrogen ) injection (shot) to help you get ready for your treatment. Dysphagia occurred depending on the operative therapy between 6.1% for parathyroid resection and 33% for total thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection. Conflict of Interest Disclosures: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Langenbecks Arch Surg. Figure 3 Frequency of dysphagia depending on diagnosis. PMC Do you cough or gag when you try to swallow? https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-020-10180-5 (Epub ahead of print 2020/09/06), Im I, Jun JP, Crary MA et al (2019) Longitudinal kinematic evaluation of pharyngeal swallowing impairment in thyroidectomy patients. 8600 Rockville Pike doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.03.078. https://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-014-4361-7, Lee DY, Lim S, Kang SH et al (2016) A prospective 1-year comparative study of transaxillary total thyroidectomy regarding functional outcomes: is it really promising? Corticosteroids might be recommended for eosinophilic esophagitis. Dysphagia 30(5):496505. Thorsen RT, Dssing H, Bonnema SJ, Brix TH, Godballe C, Sorensen JR. World J Surg. American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00455-015-9628-z, Galluzzi F, Garavello W (2019) Dysphagia following uncomplicated thyroidectomy: a systematic review. In: Higgins JPT, Churchill R, Chandler J, Cumpston MS (eds), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.2.0 (updated June 2017), Cochrane, 2017. www.training.cochrane.org/handbook. JAMA. All rights reserved. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 28(6):366370. Diagnostic methods failed to identify the physio pathological mechanism of swallow alteration leaving this condition still unclear. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.03.078. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.2012.02768.x, Exarchos ST, Lachanas VA, Tsiouvaka S et al (2016) The impact of perioperative dexamethasone on swallowing impairment score after thyroidectomy: a retrospective study of 118 total thyroidectomies. 2017 May;41 Suppl 1:S94-S102. This should not lead to underestimation of symptoms, since the patients quality of life is negatively affected by the symptomatology. So the different items we're going to be swallowing. For low-risk patients showing an excellent response after treatment, . This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Volume 2018:9 Pages 6368, Editor who approved publication: official website and that any information you provide is encrypted https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2017.3378, Tomoda C, Sugino K, Tanaka T et al (2018) Globus symptoms in patients undergoing thyroidectomy: relationships with psychogenic factors, thyroid disease, and surgical procedure. https://doi.org/10.1159/000350854, Elzahaby IA, Fathi A, Abdelwahab K et al (2018) Endoscopic thyroidectomy using the unilateral axillo-breast approach versus the modified anterior chest wall approach: a prospective comparative study. 2004 Jun;12(3):160-5. doi: 10.1097/01.moo.0000120302.58882.13. I'm going to be helping out with the evaluation today. In addition, choking decreased from 3 % to 2 %, dyspnea decreased from 9 % to 6 %, and cough decreased from 7 % to 5 %. An official website of the United States government. World J Surg 37(4):786791. Traditional dysphagia therapy (TDT) has long been a routine rehabilitation. Vojnosanit Pregl. 1992;305(6846):160164. Eating soft foods for the first few days can be helpful. PubMed Central After your thyroid cancer treatment ends, your provider may recommend follow-up tests and procedures to look for signs that your cancer has returned. Thyroidectomy-related Swallowing Difficulties: Review of the Literature. Isr Med Assoc J 8(2):106109, Wang C, Sun P, Li J et al (2016) Strategies of laparoscopic thyroidectomy for treatment of substernal goiter via areola approach. -, Codas. Using rigorous qualitative methodology, this study set out to characterize the effect of swallowing-related symptoms after thyroidectomy on patient quality of life and swallowing-related outcomes. 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece, Chrysoula Vardaxi,Stefanos Triaridis&Athanasia Printza, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, G. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 276(10):26612671. Esophageal motility changes after thyroidectomy; possible associations with postoperative voice and swallowing disorders: preliminary results. 2014 Nov;28(6):799-808. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.02.003. Schmitz-Winnenthal FH, Schimmack S, Lawrence B, et al. Your arm or leg feels warm, tender, and painful. Thyroidectomy: What to Expect at Home - Alberta 2018 The Author(s). This injection will help any leftover thyroid tissue absorb the radioactive iodine. software development by maffey.com Patient-Reported Dysphagia After Thyroidectomy: A Qualitative Study | Endocrine Surgery | JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery | JAMA Network This patient open-interview study attempts to characterize the effect of swallowing-related symptoms after thyroidectomy on patient quality of life and related [Skip to Navigation] The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2011.0118, Gohrbandt AE, Aschoff A, Gohrbandt B et al (2016) Changes of laryngeal mobility and symptoms following thyroid surgery: 6-month follow-up. Iran J Otorhinolaryngol 31(107):329334. World J Surg. Assessment of swallowing function impairment in patients with benign goiters and impact of thyroidectomy: a case control study. The more invasive the operation was, the more patients suffered from dysphagia. Depending on the suspected cause, your health care provider might refer you to an ear, nose and throat specialist, a doctor who specializes in treating digestive disorders (gastroenterologist), or a doctor who specializes in diseases of the nervous system (neurologist). Post-thyroidectomy Dysphagia: An International Multicentric CONSORT Compared to other studies concerning postoperative dysphagia, we included a large collective of patients and analyzed, in contrast to other studies, frequency of dysphagia according to patients diagnoses. Quality of life after thyroidectomy in patients with nontoxic nodular goiter: A prospective cohort study. Swallowing disorders following thyroidectomy are common, even after surgery without confirmed complications. World J Surg. Many studies have discussed the effectiveness of speech therapy (e.g., voice therapy and dysphagia therapy) for improving dysphonia and dysphagia, but not specifically in patients who have received thyroidectomy. 8600 Rockville Pike Kletzien H, Macdonald CL, Orne J, Francis DO, Leverson G, Wendt E, Sippel RS, Connor NP. Correlation of dysphagia with patients age, the specimen volume, and patients body mass index was calculated with Spearmans rank correlation coefficient. A systematic review. Dysphagia and hoarseness can be observed in patients that underwent thyroidectomy. and transmitted securely. Before HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Another aim was to review the literature on speech therapy for patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis after thyroidectomy. A two year prospective trial. An official website of the United States government. We'd like to do an assortment of consistencies, so we do a thin liquid, a puree, and then a solid consistency. Head Neck. Vagal nerve and inferior laryngeal nerve were identified systematically with intermittent nerve monitoring. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. Your health care provider might also have you swallow solid food or a pill coated with barium to watch the muscles in your throat as you swallow or to look for blockages in your esophagus that the liquid barium solution might not identify. Clinical Practice Guideline: Improving Voice Outcomes after Thyroid Vardaxi C, Tsetsos N, Koliastasi A, Poutoglidis A, Sapalidis K, Triaridis S, Printza A. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. A randomized controlled study. (2009) Symptoms and signs of swallowing changes after thyroidectomy, Wang C, Feng Z, Li J et al (2015) Endoscopic thyroidectomy via areola approach: summary of 1,250 cases in a single institution. Our results are in line with two other studies, which also reported postoperative swallowing impairment in about 20% of patients after thyroidectomy, and where patients with carcinoma were excluded in both studies.57 Compared with preoperative symptoms, Scerrino et al reported that dysphagia improves in the majority of patients after operative therapy, but swallowing disorders appeared de novo or worsened in 20% of patients.5 However, there are also contradictory results regarding dysphagia after thyroid operations.
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