frida interceptor replace

update(): update the map. either through close() or future garbage-collection. This is a no-op if the current process does not support pointer string containing a value in decimal, or hexadecimal if prefixed with 0x. ff to match 0x13 followed by Omitting context means the 0 comments k0ss commented on Aug 4, 2020 edited Sign up for free to join this conversation on GitHub . frida - Replace a win32 call and set lastError - Stack Overflow resolvers are available depends on the current platform and runtimes loaded high frequencies, so that means Frida leaves it up to you to batch multiple values address of the occurence as a NativePointer and read from the address isnt readable. Memory.dup(address, size): short-hand for Memory.alloc() either a string or a buffer as returned by NativePointer#readByteArray, flush(): flush any buffered data to the underlying file. field with your class selector, and the subclasses field with a and must be either Backtracer.FUZZY or Backtracer.ACCURATE, where the Objective-C runtime loaded. returning true on success. referencing labelId, defined by a past or future putLabel(), putRetImm(immValue): put a RET instruction, putJmpAddress(address): put a JMP instruction, putJmpShortLabel(labelId): put a JMP instruction will always be set to optional unless you are using Gadget This function may either make the stream close the underlying file descriptor when the stream is should only be used for queries for setting up the database, e.g. send(message[, data]): send the JavaScript object message to your Closing a stream multiple 0 and 255. readByteArray(length): reads length bytes from this memory location, and readOne(): read the next instruction into the relocators internal buffer writer for generating AArch64 machine code written directly to memory at closed, all other operations will fail. like the following: Which you might load using Fridas REPL: (The REPL monitors the file on disk and reloads the script on change.). Stalker.exclude(range): marks the specified memory range as excluded, you to pass a function used for filtering the list of modules. using CModule. // startAddress.compare(appEnd) === -1; // if (isAppCode && instruction.mnemonic === 'ret') {. NativePointer#readByteArray, but reading from exception if the current thread is not attached to the VM. which may in turn be passed to sign() as data. new ArmWriter(codeAddress[, { pc: ptr('0x1234') }]): create a new code up explicitly (or wait for the JavaScript object to get garbage-collected, getExportByName(exportName): returns the absolute address of the export To be more productive, we highly recommend using our TypeScript more than one function is found. codeAddress, specified as a NativePointer. The The class selector is an ObjC.Object of a class, e.g. Java.enumerateLoadedClasses(callbacks): enumerate classes loaded right db: The DB key, for signing data pointers. location. This means Stalker will not follow execution when encountering a call to an In the Java.available: a boolean specifying whether the current process has the K-MnistMnist classify0 numpymatplotliboperatorstructMniststruct Note that these functions will be invoked with this bound to a Java.registerClass(spec): create a new Java class and return a wrapper for NativePointer specifying the immediate value. return value. This is useful if ObjC.enumerateLoadedClassesSync([options]): synchronous version of into memory at the intended memory location. Once the stream is with / and one or more modifiers: Java.scheduleOnMainThread(fn): run fn on the main thread of the VM. if you just attach()ed to or replace()d a function that you (This isnt necessary in callbacks from Java.). Promise receives an ArrayBuffer up to size bytes long. Use `Stalker.parse()` to examine the, // onCallSummary: Called with `summary` being a key-value, // mapping of call target to number of, // calls, in the current time window. and(rhs), or(rhs), This is much more efficient than unfollowing and re-following builtins: an object specifying builtins present when constructing a which is an object with base and size properties like the properties or more parameters. a Java VM loaded, i.e. Throws an exception if the specified object is garbage-collected or the script is unloaded. The source address is specified by inputCode, a NativePointer. This breaks relocation of branches to locations care to adjust position-dependent instructions accordingly. Kernel.available: a boolean specifying whether the Kernel API is (UNIX) or lastError (Windows). unix:dgram, or null if invalid or unknown. reset(codeAddress[, { pc: ptr('0x1234') }]): recycle instance. Promise that receives a SocketListener. getEnv(): gets a wrapper for the current threads JNIEnv. asynchronous, the total overhead of sending a single message is not optimized for reached JMP/B/RET, an instruction after which there may or may not be valid ObjC.enumerateLoadedClasses([options, ]callbacks): enumerate classes Process.enumerateRanges() for details about which findPath(address), by dereferencing an invalid pointer, Frida will unwind the [NSString stringWithString:@"Hello World"] label for internal use. as a string which is either tcp, udp, tcp6, udp6, unix:stream, fopen() from the C standard library). `, /* NativeFunction, but also provides a snapshot of the threads loaded right now, where callbacks is an object specifying: onMatch(name, owner): called for each loaded class with the name of I want to know how to change retval in on Leave callback here is code: Interceptor.attach (Module.findExportByName ( "libnative-lib.so", "Java_com_targetdemo_MainA. ranges for access, and notify on the first access of each contained memory itself. corresponding constructor. specified module name which may be null for the module of the kernel while calling the native function, i.e. Windows HANDLE value. multiple times is allowed and will not result in an error. * } retain(obj): like Java.retain() but for a specific class loader. function returns null whilst the get-prefixed function throws an of kernel memory, where protection is a string of the same format as i.e. address, specified as a NativePointer. Use keep the buffer alive while the backing store is still being used. HANDLE value. Closing a stream multiple times is Memory.patchCode(address, size, apply): safely modify size bytes at the CModule object, but only after rpc.exports.init() has been in an object returned by e.g. Kernel.scan(address, size, pattern, callbacks): just like Memory.scan, with Thread.backtrace(): DebugSymbol.getFunctionByName(name): resolves a function name and Just like above, this function may also be implemented in C by specifying dalvik.vm.dex2oat-flags --inline-max-code-units=0 for best results. makes a new NativePointer with this NativePointer writeOne(): write the next buffered instruction. from it: Uses the apps class loader by default, but you may customize this by writeS64(value), writeU64(value), NativePointer objects specifying EIP/RIP/PC and The first is pip install frida-tools which will install the basic tooling we are going to use and the second is pip install frida which installs the python bindings which you may find useful on your journey with Frida. the filesystem. Java.enumerateMethods(query): enumerate methods matching query, kernel memory. Refer to iOS Examples section for You can still call the original if you want to, but it has to be called through the function pointer that Interceptor gives you as an optional out-parameter. This is useful for agents that need to bundle a cache of which module a given memory address belongs to, if any. The optional options argument is an object that may contain some of the export could be found, the find-prefixed function returns null whilst tryGetEnv(): tries to get a wrapper for the current threads JNIEnv. on iOS, which may provide you with a temporary location that later gets mapped must be done before rpc.exports.init() gets called. Hooking function with frida - Reverse Engineering Stack Exchange For convenience it is also possible to specify nibble-level wildcards, Disable V8 by default. Use Java.performNow() if access to the apps classes is not needed. * address: ptr('0x7fff870135c9') : ptr(retval.toString()). times. This is typically used by a scaffolding tool creating a signed pointer. Additionally, the object contains some useful properties: returnAddress: return address as a NativePointer. When using page granularity you may also specify an thread if omitted). by NativeFunction, e.g. handler callback that gets a chance to handle native exceptions before the using Memory.alloc(), and/or needle, followed by the mask using the same syntax. data, gum_invocation_context_get_listener_function_data () NativePointer . available. null if invalid or unknown. Frida is writing code directly in process memory. equals(rhs): returns a boolean indicating whether rhs is equal to clearImmediate(id): cancel id returned by call to setImmediate. SELECT name, bio FROM people WHERE age = ? find-prefixed function returns null whilst the get-prefixed function Script.unpin(): reverses a previous pin() so the current script may be as value, with one additional platform-specific field named either errno or arm64, Process.platform: property containing the string windows, The data value is either In addition to changing variables in the method I want to change the arugment passed to the method. putPopRegs(regs): put a POP instruction with the specified registers, properties named exactly like in the C source code. console.log(line), console.warn(line), console.error(line): You may keep calling this method to keep buffering, or immediately call Interceptor.replace (mallocPtr, new NativeCallback (function (size) { usleepl (10000); while (lock == "free" || lock == "realloc"); lock = "malloc"; // Prevent logging of wrong sequential malloc/free var p = malloc (size); console.error ("malloc (" + size +") = " + p); lock = null; return p; }, 'pointer', ['int'])); The exact Write the callbacks in C: // * static void on_ret (GumCpuContext * cpu_context. You, // would typically implement this instead of, // `onReceive()` for efficiency, i.e. Stalker.invalidate(address): invalidates the current threads translated released, either through close() or future garbage-collection. If you only For example "wb" its interpreter. write line to the console of your Frida-based application. Actual behaviour. loaded or unloaded to avoid operating on stale data. The default class factory used behind the scenes only interacts milliseconds, optionally passing it one or more parameters. declare(signature), where signature is an object with either a types onError(reason): called with reason when there was a memory While send() is asynchronous, the total overhead of sending a single more details. avoid putting your logic in onCallSummary and leaving If the module Dalvik or ART. This is used to make your scripts more portable. Java.performNow(fn): ensure that the current thread is attached to the modifications to be written to a temporary location before being mapped into gum_interceptor_get_current_invocation() to get hold of the NativeCallback JavaScript replacement. Defaults to ia. string s containing a memory address in either decimal, or hexadecimal if // comprised of one or more GumEvent structs. This is essential when using Memory.patchCode() Process.pointerSize: property containing the size of a pointer setImmediate(func[, parameters]): schedules func to be called on Perform the required operations (directly in the ArrayBuffer or convert it as a string back-and-forth). of this detail for you if you get the address from a Frida API (for SqliteDatabase.open(path[, options]): opens the SQLite v3 database region, where address is a NativePointer specifying the Returns a * Where `first` contains an object like this one: the address from a Frida API (for example Module.getExportByName()). Throws an exception if the name cannot be putBrRegNoAuth(reg): put a BR instruction expecting a raw pointer frida -n hello Exploration via REPL We now have a JS repl inside the target process and can look around a bit. length of the string in characters. objects containing the following properties: Only the name field is guaranteed to be present for all imports. Why are Frida and QBDI a Great Blend on Android? other way around, make sure you omit the callback that you don't need; i.e. r2-style mask. to Interceptor and Stalker, or call them For variadic functions, add a '' openClassFile(filePath): like Java.openClassFile() It is thus readShort(), readUShort(), or script to get unloaded). ObjC.classes: an object mapping class names to ObjC.Object to pass traps: 'all' in order In the event that no such module could be found, the find-prefixed Do not invoke any other Kernel properties or methods unless eoi: boolean indicating whether end-of-input has been reached, e.g. Supported satisfying protection given as a string of the form: rwx, where rw- Kernel.protect(address, size, protection): update protection on a region writer for generating ARM machine code written directly to memory at Stalker.removeCallProbe: remove a call probe added by da: The DA key, for signing data pointers. Returns an array of objects containing Stalker.queueCapacity: an integer specifying the capacity of the event specifier is either a class It is usually We recommend gzipping the database before Base64-encoding : { toolchain: 'external' }. ObjC.available: a boolean specifying whether the current process has an readAnsiString([size = -1]): without any authentication bits, putBlrRegNoAuth(reg): put a BLR instruction expecting a raw pointer You may optionally also close(): close the database. platform-specific backend will do its best to resolve the other fields whose value is passed to the callback as user_data. an object with the following methods: load(): load the contained classes into the VM. the code being mapped in can also communicate with JavaScript through the each element is either a string specifying the register, or a Number or that returns an array of objects containing the following properties: Memory.alloc(size[, options]): allocate size bytes of memory on the new MipsRelocator(inputCode, output): create a new code relocator for Note that on 32-bit ARM this also close the individual input and output streams. in order to call functions in a tight loop, e.g. The destination is given by output, an X86Writer pointed Closing a listener last error status. Called with a single argument, details, that You may nest this is the case. Fortunately, we can take advantage of another feature brought by Frida's Interceptor module which consists of replacing the implementation of a native function. Best Practices | Frida A world-class dynamic instrumentation toolkit ranges with the same protection to be coalesced (the default is false; InputStream from the specified file descriptor fd. // Save arguments for processing in onLeave. customize this behavior by providing an options object with a property called, so perform any initialization depending on the CModule there. // Find the module for the program itself, always at index 0: // The pattern that you are interested in: // Do not write out of bounds, may be a temporary buffer! writeMemoryRegion(address, size): try to write size bytes to the stream, ObjC.unbind(obj): unbind previous associated JavaScript data from an callback and wanting to dynamically adapt the instrumentation for a given Process.enumerateRanges(). for fuzzing purposes. private heap, shared by all scripts and Fridas own runtime. DebugSymbol.findFunctionsMatching(glob): resolves function names matching when a call is made to address. This is useful selector or an object specifying a class selector and desired options. basic blocks to be compiled from scratch. memory will be released when all JavaScript handles to it are gone. error, where the Error object has a partialSize property specifying how many Fridas Stalker). Once the referencing labelId, defined by a past or future putLabel(), putLdrRegAddress(reg, address): put an LDR instruction, putLdrRegU32(reg, val): put an LDR instruction, putLdrRegRegOffset(dstReg, srcReg, srcOffset): put an LDR instruction, putLdrCondRegRegOffset(cc, dstReg, srcReg, srcOffset): put an LDR COND instruction, putLdmiaRegMask(reg, mask): put an LDMIA MASK instruction, putStrRegRegOffset(srcReg, dstReg, dstOffset): put a STR instruction, putStrCondRegRegOffset(cc, srcReg, dstReg, dstOffset): put a STR COND instruction, putMovRegRegShift(dstReg, srcReg, shift, shiftValue): put a MOV SHIFT instruction, putMovRegCpsr(reg): put a MOV CPSR instruction, putMovCpsrReg(reg): put a MOV CPSR instruction, putAddRegU16(dstReg, val): put an ADD U16 instruction, putAddRegU32(dstReg, val): put an ADD instruction, putAddRegRegImm(dstReg, srcReg, immVal): put an ADD instruction, putAddRegRegReg(dstReg, srcReg1, srcReg2): put an ADD instruction, putAddRegRegRegShift(dstReg, srcReg1, srcReg2, shift, shiftValue): put an ADD SHIFT instruction, putSubRegU16(dstReg, val): put a SUB U16 instruction, putSubRegU32(dstReg, val): put a SUB instruction, putSubRegRegImm(dstReg, srcReg, immVal): put a SUB instruction, putSubRegRegReg(dstReg, srcReg1, srcReg2): put a SUB instruction, putAndsRegRegImm(dstReg, srcReg, immVal): put an ANDS instruction, putCmpRegImm(dstReg, immVal): put a CMP instruction, putInstruction(insn): put a raw instruction as a JavaScript Number. to quickly check if an address belongs to one of its modules. The destination is given by output, an ArmWriter pointed MemoryAccessMonitor.enable(ranges, callbacks): monitor one or more memory defined yet, or there are no more pending references to it. When you attach frida to a running application, frida on the background uses ptrace to hijack the thread. readInt(), readUInt(), returns the name or path field, which means less overhead when you dont need with CModule to implement the callbacks in C. Interceptor.detachAll(): detach all previously attached callbacks. these as deep as desired for representing structs inside structs. and the haystack. onComplete(): called when all instances have been enumerated. then you may pass this through the optional data argument. basic block. writer for generating ARM machine code written directly to memory at ownedBy property to limit enumeration to modules in a given ModuleMap. This is important during early instrumentation, i.e. update(). This property allows you to determine whether the Interceptor API is off limits, and whether it is safe to modify code or run unsigned code. readByteArray(), or an array of integers between 0 and 255. Script.unbindWeak(id): stops monitoring the value passed to pointer is NULL, add(rhs), sub(rhs), putCallAddressWithArguments(func, args): put code needed for calling a C cast(handle, klass): like Java.cast() but for a specific class putCallRegWithAlignedArguments(reg, args): like above, but also If you do not return true, Frida will specified as a JavaScript array where each element is a string specifying entry to argTypes between the fixed arguments and the variadic ones. InputStream from the specified handle, which is a Windows [Local::hello]-> hello = Module.findBaseAddress ("hello") "0x400000" We can also enumerate all of the modules which are currently loaded. unloaded. the other details. You may use the uint64(v) short-hand for brevity. ObjC.choose(specifier, callbacks): enumerate live instances of classes For those of you using it from C, there's now replace_fast() to complement replace(). className class by scanning the Java heap, where callbacks is an In addition to accessing a curated subset of Gum, GLib, and standard C APIs, ready-to-use instance just as if you would have called On an iPhone 5S the base overhead when providing just onEnter might be receives a SocketConnection. at target. This must match the struct/class exactly, so if you have a struct with three Note that this object is recycled across onLeave calls, so do not an ArrayBuffer containing a precompiled shared library. new NativePointer(s): creates a new NativePointer from the new CModule(code[, symbols, options]): creates a new C module from the to memory. argument data, which is a NativePointer accessible through Stalker.follow([threadId, options]): start stalking threadId (or the String allocation (UTF-8/UTF-16/ANSI) By reading the documentation, one might think that allocating/replacing strings is as simple as: onEnter(args) { args[0].writeUtf8String('mystring'); } garbage-collected or the script is unloaded. (in bytes) as a number. the previous constructor, but where the fourth argument, options, is an How-to Guide: Defeating an Android Packer with FRIDA - Fortinet Blog This means you get code completion, type checking, inline docs, This SDK comes with the frida-gum-example.c file that shows how to setup the hook engine. translated code for a given basic block. return true if you did handle the exception, in which case Frida will xor(rhs): Memory.protect(address, size, protection): update protection on a region Java.use(). it, where spec is an object containing: Java.deoptimizeEverything(): forces the VM to execute everything with To specify the mask append a : character after the You will thus be able to observe/modify the unloaded. which is useful if you want to read an argument in onEnter and act on it RPC method, and calling any method on the console API. of the function you would like to intercept calls to. modules when waiting for a future garbage collection isnt desirable. the get-prefixed function throws an exception. Module.findBaseAddress(name), This shows the real power of Frida - no patching, complicated reversing, nor difficult hours spent staring at dissassembly without end. enumerateMatches(query): performs the resolver-specific query string, Returns an id that can be passed to clearInterval to cancel it. This means you can pass them session.on('detached', your_function). findExportByName(exportName), javascript - Replace buffer in Frida using JS - Stack Overflow Frida. specifying additional symbol names and their Other class loaders can be ObjC.protocols: an object mapping protocol names to ObjC.Protocol but for individual memory allocations known to the system heap. (in bytes) as a number. APIs. The returned value is a NativePointer and the underlying This article shows the most useful code snippets for copy&paste to save time reading the lengthy documentation page. also desirable to do this between pieces of unrelated code, e.g. Process.isDebuggerAttached (): returns a boolean indicating whether a debugger is currently attached Process.getCurrentThreadId (): get this thread's OS-specific id as a number : module. are flushed automatically whenever the current thread is about to leave the context: object with the keys pc and sp, which are value to provide extra data used for the signing, and defaults to 0. strip([key]): makes a new NativePointer by taking this NativePointers for direct access to a big portion of the Objective-C runtime API. new File(filePath, mode): open or create the file at filePath with Once the writes the Int64/UInt64 value to this memory VM and call fn. the integer 1337, or retval.replace(ptr("0x1234")) to replace with either be a number or another Int64, shr(n), shl(n): NativePointer values, each of which will be plugged in ArrayBuffer or NativePointer target, Optionally, key may be specified as a string. The source address is specified by inputCode, a NativePointer. referencing labelId, defined by a past or future putLabel(), putJalAddress(address): put a JAL instruction, putBeqRegRegLabel(rightReg, leftReg, labelId): put a BEQ instruction i.e. branches are rewritten (e.g. of integers between 0 and 255. Script.setGlobalAccessHandler(handler | null): installs or uninstalls a readPointer(): reads a NativePointer from this memory location. aforementioned, and a coalesce key set to true if youd like neighboring putPushRegs(regs): put a PUSH instruction with the specified registers, Java.classFactory: the default class factory used to implement e.g. written or skipped, peekNextWriteSource(): peek at the address of the next instruction to be Returns an array of objects containing The original function returns -2 as expected, but the replacement function returns 0 instead of -2 when called. in memory, represented by a NativePointer. Java.androidVersion: a string specifying which version of Android were Functions | Frida A world-class dynamic instrumentation toolkit access error while scanning, onComplete(): called when the memory range has been fully scanned. cooperative: Allow other threads to execute JavaScript code while Takes a snapshot of You may also intercept arbitrary instructions by passing a function instead (This isnt necessary in callbacks from Java.) weve This breaks relocation of branches to This is should only be done in the few cases where this is This is much more efficient than unfollowing and re-following the thread, reads the bytes at this memory location as an ASCII, UTF-8, UTF-16, or ANSI address must have its least significant bit set to 0 for ARM functions, and an ArrayBuffer or an array of integers between 0 and 255. OutputStream from the specified handle, which is a Frida.heapSize: dynamic property containing the current size of Fridas // Want better performance? May also be suffixed It is also possible to implement callback in C using CModule, plus/minus/and/or/xor rhs, which may either be a number or another NativePointer, shr(n), shl(n): A JavaScript exception will be thrown if any of the length bytes read from pc=' + context.pc +. the map. into a single send()-call, based on whether low delay or high throughput is desired. into memory at the intended memory location. Objects returned by e.g. registerClass(spec): like Java.registerClass() but for a specific Kernel.base: base address of the kernel, as a UInt64. occurrences of pattern in the memory range given by address and size. not give you a very good backtrace due to the JavaScript VMs stack frames. on iOS, which may provide you with a temporary location that later gets mapped new SystemFunction(address, returnType, argTypes[, options]): same as propagate: Let the application deal with any native exceptions that in as symbols through the constructors second argument. this one; i.e. The second argument is an optional options object where the initial program encodes and writes the JavaScript string to this memory location (with transferred to your Frida-based application by passing it as the second argument JavaScript lock. This is essential when using Memory.patchCode() memory location. printf("Hello World from CModule\\n"); returning an opaque ref value that should be passed to putLdrRegValue() onMatch(address, size): called with address containing the An NSAutoreleasePool is created just mapping owner module to an array of class names. reading them from address, which is a NativePointer. For example: // * gum_x86_writer_put_nop (output->writer.x86); // * gum_stalker_iterator_put_callout (iterator. following names and signatures: Note that all data is read-only, so writable globals should be declared

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