Our task in the seminar is to uncover and interrogate those visions. While our examples will be drawn mainly from family law, the regulation of sex/reproduction, and workplace discrimination, the main task of this course will be to deepen our understanding of how the subject of law is constituted. In this course we will assess various answers to these questions proffered by Jewish political thinkers in the modern period. and 3) What are strategies to counteract backsliding when it occurs? The course will not only show how Muslims were constructed as subjects in history, politics and society from the very beginning of the making of Europe and the Americas to the end of the Cold War to the post-9/11 era. This class examines the policy making process with particular emphasis on the United States: How do issues get defined as problems worthy of government attention? This seminar engages some of the major attempts at rethinking produced in the 20th and 21st centuries, particularly at those that, characterizing liberalism as masking structures of subordination and elements of conflict in political life, undervaluing the importance of citizen action and public space, or being ill-suited to altered technological and ecological conditions, seek to rework or move beyond it. Why do people vote or engage in other types of political action? Readings are drawn from Supreme Court opinions, presidential addresses, congressional debates and statutes, political party platforms, key tracts of American political thought, and secondary scholarship on constitutional development. And how will the unfolding pandemic change how we respond to these stories? International law is similar to domestic law, with one very crucial difference: it is not enforced by a centralized, sovereign state. We will begin by surveying institutional constraints confronting contemporary political leaders: globalization, sclerotic institutions, polarization, endemic racism, and a changing media environment, among others. What would "politics as unusual" look like anyway? The course is based on the literature of multidisciplinary studies by leading scholars in the field, drawing from anthropology, gender studies, history, political science, religious studies, postcolonial studies, decolonial studies, and sociology.This course's goal is to show how the racialization of Islam and Muslims has been constitutive to the latter's imagination. This course will examine the problems and paradoxes that attend the exercise of the most powerful political office in the world's oldest democracy: Can an executive office be constructed with sufficient energy to govern and also be democratically accountable? Major Requirements - Political Economy Program Throughout the semester we interrogate four themes central to migration politics: rights, representation, access, and agency. And on what grounds can we justify confidence in our provisional answers to such questions? The course goes back to the founding moments of an imagined white-Christian Europe and how the racialization of Muslim bodies was central to this project and how anti-Muslim racism continues to be relevant in our world today. Is it because they have an exceptional leader? While the course will focus primarily on the United States, our conceptual framework will be global; though our main interest will be contemporary, we will also examine previous eras in which democratic leadership has come under great pressure. We will examine factors that shape election outcomes such as the state of the economy, issues, partisanship, ideology, social identities with a special focus on race, interest groups, media, and the candidates themselves. While the primary focus will be on the meaning of the texts in the context of their own times, contemporary applications of core concepts will also be considered. Specifically, the first section of the course will cover the emergence of the Persian Gulf as an area of strategic importance in international politics; U.S. policy toward Saudi Arabia and Iran after World War II; the origins of the Arab-Israeli dispute; the June 1967 and October 1973 Middle East conflicts; Egyptian-Israeli peace; the Iranian Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War; the 1991 Persian Gulf War and its consequences; and the rise of Al Qaeda, Hezbollah, and Hamas. Is solidarity possible only in utopia, or can we realize it in the world as well? important cultural differences, and mixed feelings about its neighbor to the north. life? What produces political change? [more], In the past half-century, American cities have gotten both much richer and much poorer. [more], In theory, self-determination means that it is those who are ruled who decide who rules them and how. Does it reflect a polity divided by racial and ethnic tensions with different visions of the nation's past and future? Yet to rest on this is too simple as it is, in part, an artifact of historical construction. In this course we will respond to these and related questions through an investigation of "religion" as a concept in political theory. Wherever they might go, should they aspire to build a modern Jewish nation-state, a semi-autonomous Jewish community, or some other arrangement? Terrorist attacks at home and abroad. The UN Security Council, alongside national governments, decides on legitimacy and punishment. A similar story can be told for most other developed countries. [more], Many academics, international nongovernmental organizations, international financial institutions, and the media assert that natural resource endowments--oil, gas, and diamonds--are like the touch of Midas. How have they tried to make cities more decent, just, and sustainable? If the U.S. is a nation of immigrants, why is immigration reform so difficult to achieve? ENVI 307 also addresses the role of community activism in environmental law, from local battles over proposed industrial facilities to national campaigns for improved corporate citizenship. One of the key questions we will seek to answer is why Kennan and Kissinger disagreed on so many important issues, ranging from the Vietnam War to the role of nuclear weapons, despite their shared intellectual commitment to Realism. For more complete course descriptions, students should consult the Williams College Online Catalog or the Williams College Bulletin. This course addresses the controversies, drawing examples from struggles over such matters as racism, colonialism, revolution, political founding, economic order, and the politics of sex and gender, while focusing on major works of ancient, modern, and contemporary theory by such authors as Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Rousseau, Mill, Marx, Nietzsche, Beauvoir, Arendt, Fanon, Rawls, Foucault, and Young. The structure of the course combines political science concepts with a detailed survey of the region's diplomatic history. Or is economic crisis the key to understanding the conditions under which dictatorships fall? Throughout the semester, our goal will be less to remember elaborate doctrinal rules and multi-part constitutional "tests" than to understand the changing nature of, and changing relationship between, constitutional power and constitutional meaning in American history. Conflicting groups regularly accuse each other of being 'duped' by 'biased' sources of information on crucial issues like war, elections, sexuality, racism, and history. Some commentators argue that racial attitudes were at the center of opposition to Obama's candidacy and legislative agenda and are foremost on voters' minds in 2016. Others portray the feminist agenda as one of taking power, or of reconstructing society by exercising a specifically feminist mode of power. What might we expect to come next? Does this idea ultimately reinforce American hegemony, or plant the seeds of a non-American order? In other words, to what extent and in what respects were these fundamental turning points made "democratically"? Does freedom make us happy? The UN Security Council, alongside national governments, decides on legitimacy and punishment. By the completion of the semester, students will understand both the successes and failures of modern environmental law and how these laws are being reinvented, through innovations like pollution credit trading and "green product" certification, to confront globalization, climate change and other emerging threats. The course will begin--by focusing on the Manhattan Project--with a brief technical overview of nuclear physics, nuclear technologies, and the design and effects of nuclear weapons. U.S. Public Opinion and Mass Political Behavior. The purpose is to gain an understanding of a number of different perspectives on life and politics, especially Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism. If the welfare state has a future, it will look different from the past, but how? Courses - Political Economy Program Beyond the authors mentioned, readings may include such authors as Allen, Bruno, Clark, Debord, Friedberg, Goldsby, Joselit, Mitchell, Nightingale, Rodowick, Rogin, Silverman, and Virilio. She narrowly escaped imprisonment by the Gestapo and internment in a refugee camp in Vichy France before fleeing to New York. With what limits and justifications? With equality? Students will read and analyze texts, screen documentaries, collectively compile a comprehensive bibliography, and present group analyses. The aim is to identify and analyze the principal structural and situational constraints--both foreign and domestic--that limit leaders' freedom of action, and which they must manage effectively to achieve their diplomatic and military goals. This course is part of a joint program between Williams' Center for Learning in Action and the Berkshire County Jail in Pittsfield, MA. into the "problem space" of Black Political Thought, students will examine the historical and structural conditions, normative arguments, theories of action, ideological conflicts, and conceptual evolutions that help define African American political imagination. Yet, law is still where we look for justice and, perhaps, for power to be tamed by the pressure to be legitimate. Do nuclear weapons have an essentially stabilizing or destabilizing effect? Will a strong China inevitably claim its traditional place under the sun? Contemporary Africana Social and Political Philosophy. How can we expect cyberweapons to shape the future of warfare, intelligence, and security competition? We will examine how founders such as Benjamin Franklin and James Madison envisioned the relation between the people and the government; how workers, African Americans, and women fought to participate in American politics; and how globalization, polarization, and inequality are straining American democracy and political leadership in the 21st century. The goal of this course is to assess American political change, or lack of, and to gain a sense of the role that political leaders have played in driving change. Political scientists and historians continue to argue vigorously about the answers to all these questions. We explore transnational dynamics of contentious politics, including how international actors shape domestic campaigns for democracy, peace, and justice, as well as how global advocacy movements (e.g. The Political Science major is structured to allow students either to participate in the established ways of studying politics or to develop their own focus. Is partisanship good or bad for democracy? The course begins with several sessions that provide a technical overview of key information security concepts and an examination of some prominent hacks. Many argue that the presidency has been fundamentally altered by the tenure of Donald Trump. Are environmental protections compatible with political freedom? This seminar considers our relationship with our ocean and coastal environments and the foundational role our oceans and coasts play in our Nation's environmental and economic sustainability as well as ocean and coastal climate resiliency. This course investigates the historical and contemporary relationship between culture and economics, religion and capitalism, in their most encompassing forms. While focusing primarily on the welfare states of Western Europe, we will also examine how the politics of social risk unfold around the world, extending our investigation to Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The course investigates family models in historical and comparative context; the family and the welfare state; the economics of sex, gender, marriage, and class inequality; the dramatic value and behavioral changes of Gen Z around sex, cohabitation, and parenthood; and state policies to encourage partnership/marriage and childbearing in both left-wing (Scandinavia) and right-wing (Central Europe) variants. Do the mass media and political elites inform or manipulate the public? What is the relationship between leadership and morality-can the ends justify the means? What economic, historical, and sociological theories have been advanced to explain poverty? Our focus is on rights and liberties -- freedom of speech and religion, property, criminal process, autonomy and privacy, and equality. We will explore the causes of the rise of nationalism and far-right populism in the US and Europe, discuss their relations with liberal democracy, conservativism, and authoritarian politics to study varieties of far-right populism and nationalism not only within the nominal far-right but all political parties in Western democracies. Finally, what are the costs of change (and of continuity)--and who pays them? Should Harriet Tubman's portrait replace Andrew Jackson's on the $20 bill? Can public policy reverse these trends? Its first part examines major thinkers in relation to the historical development of capitalism in Western Europe and the United States: the classical liberalism of Adam Smith, Karl Marx's revolutionary socialism, and the reformist ideas of John Maynard Keynes. We will also discuss changes in religion under the influence of capitalism including romanticism, Pentecostalism, moralistic therapeutic Deism, and the 'God gap' between largely theist Africa, South and West Asia, and the Americas on the one hand and largely atheist Europe and East Asia on the other. *Please note the atypical class hours, Wed 4:45-8:30 pm*, formulation? Should they, perhaps, abandon Europe altogether and re-constitute themselves elsewhere? Political Theory and Comparative Politics. Do the institutions produce good policies, and how do we define what is good? What would "politics as unusual" look like anyway? Should they, perhaps, abandon Europe altogether and re-constitute themselves elsewhere? How can we expect cyberweapons to shape the future of warfare, intelligence, and security competition? The second half of the course challenges students to apply this toolkit to the twenty-first century, focusing on attempts to transition from industrial manufacturing to services. What is the fate of democracy in the U.S.? [more], Globally, refugees seem to create, and be caught up in, chronic crisis. And we will search her works and our world for embers of hope that even seemingly inexorable political tragedies may yet be interrupted by assertions of freedom in political action. Why do we find the visible presence of certain kinds of things or persons to be unbearably noxious? Cold War Intellectuals: Civil Rights, Writers and the CIA. One central concern will be to consider the different ways of understanding "Asia", both in terms of how the term and the region have been historically constituted; another will be to facilitate an understanding some of the salient factors (geography, belief systems, economy and polity)--past and present--that make for Asia's coherence and divergences; a third concern will be to unpack the troubled notions of "East" and "West" and re-center Asia within the newly emerging narratives of global interconnectedness. Here we look closely at whether it is economic development which leads to the spread of democracy. How have its constitutive institutions, from pensions to unemployment insurance, evolved since the post-war "Golden Age"? Rather, it is designed to provide an opportunity to engage, critically and carefully, with claims about the state of democracy in the US and elsewhere; to evaluate whether those claims are valid; and, if they are, to consider strategies for mitigating the risk of democratic erosion here and abroad. Beginning with the 18th-century's transatlantic movement to abolish slavery, we will examine international movements and institutions that have affected what human rights mean, to whom, and where. The tutorial will address the evolution of Palestinian nationalism historically and thematically, employing both primary and secondary sources. The course will show how Muslims were constructed as subjects in history, politics, and society from the very beginning of the making of Europe and the Americas to the end of the Cold War to the post-9/11 era. Comprised of nearly 50 countries and home to over 1 billion people, sub-Saharan Africa is remarkable in its diversity, particularly in regards to a number of outcomes central to the study of political science: how do institutions of the past shape current dynamics of political competition and economic growth? New York City Politics: The Urban Crisis to the Pandemic. How significant of a threat are concerns like nuclear proliferation, nuclear terrorism, and nuclear accidents? [more], "Donald Trump, Hillary Clinton, Ted Cruz, Bernie Sanders. [more], This course, the senior capstone for both Leadership Studies and the American Politics subfield in Political Science, examines the challenges and opportunities facing political leaders in contemporary liberal democracies. Finally, we examine China's growing expansion into Africa and ask whether this is a new colonialism. Materials include biographies, documentary films, short videos, economic data, and news reports. identities and power relationships have been grounded in lived experience, and how one might both critically and productively approach questions of difference, power, and equity. If so, should it be Hebrew or Yiddish? Our primary questions will be these: Why does transformative leadership seem so difficult today? American independence movements through the end of the Cold War and recent developments. How does power relate to technology? [more], This course examines New York City's political history from the 1970s to the present-a period during which the city underwent staggering economic and social changes. It also created ocean zones, with rules for each, and proposed a system for taxing firms that it licensed to exploit minerals on the high seas. Does it matter? Then, we examine what contemporary democratic theorists have had to say about how racial equity might be achieved and how they have sought to advance this goal through their writing. The second engages students with theory and methods for understanding and analyzing media contents (the stories, images, etc. What is "objectivity" anyway, and how has this norm changed through history? The emphasis will be on the study of social attitudes concerning ethnic groups, gender/sexuality and class as they pertain to a "penal culture" in the United States. Case studies will include antislavery politics and the American Civil War; the global crises of the 1930s and 1940s; and the social movements of the 1960s and 1970s. Particular attention will be given to the modern liberal tradition and its critics. and politics from the Founding to the present. Looming environmental catastrophes capable of provoking humanitarian crises. Despite this, national government has grown in scope and size for much of this history, including under both Democratic and Republican administrations. is to obtain an enhanced understanding and appreciation of the salience of religion in public life. But what do we mean when we claim to want freedom? Readings may include excerpts from ancient and modern theorists, but our primary focus will be contemporary and will bring political theory into conversation with other fields, particularly art history and visual studies but also film and media studies, psychoanalysis, neuroscience, and STS. Who loses? This course focuses on the adoption and development of policies to address poverty and inequality in the U.S. As a writing intensive course, attention to the writing process and developing an authorial voice will be a recurrent focus of our work inside and outside the classroom. life -- define the American political tradition and consume the American political imagination. Specifically, the first section of the course will cover the emergence of the Persian Gulf as an area of strategic importance in international politics; U.S. policy toward Saudi Arabia and Iran after World War II; the origins of the Arab-Israeli dispute; the June 1967 and October 1973 Middle East conflicts; Egyptian-Israeli peace; the Iranian Revolution and the Iran-Iraq War; the 1991 Persian Gulf War and its consequences; and the rise of Al Qaeda, Hezbollah, and Hamas. Should they be? Among the topics we will cover are: the structures of urban political power; housing and employment discrimination; the War on Crime and the War on Drugs (and their consequence, mass incarceration); education; and gentrification. Here, we will discuss the role of religion in American political culture, the relation of religion to the state, the relevance of religious interests and their political mobilization, religious minorities in the United States, and many other aspects of religion in the US society. Is it a capitalist strategy to divide the public in order to advance the interests of the wealthy corporate elite? [more], We live in a society that takes liberalism and capitalism for granted, as the norm that naturally centers collective life. Critics argue that today's media is shallow and uninformative, a vector of misinformation, and a promoter of extremism and violence. [more], The most powerful actors in global politics are liberal ones, and a liberal project around democratic states, international law and organizations, and free trade dominates the global agenda. Senior Seminar: The Liberal Project in International Relations. Why are some countries stable democracies while others struggle with military coups or authoritarian rule? Can the framers' vision of deliberative, representative government meet the challenges of a polarized polity? The second part considers mid-20th-century writers who revise and critique economic liberalism from a variety of perspectives, including Joseph Schumpeter, Friedrich Hayek, Milton Friedman, Ronald Coase, Arthur Okun, and Albert O. Hirschman. To this end, the department offers two routes to completing the major, each requiring nine courses. This tutorial unsettles that framing, first by situating the black radical tradition as a species of black politics, and second through expanding the boundaries of black politics beyond the United States. [more], This seminar focuses on the political thought of Herbert Marcuse, investigating the influences of leftist social movements of the 1960s on his critical theory. Others suggest that most Americans have moved "beyond race" and that racism explains little of modern-day partisan and electoral politics. [more], How can we live a good life? What is it and how might it work? Human Rights Claims in International Politics. And if the aim is not to provide a historically accurate account, what exactly is at stake in constructing or demythologizing theories of the origins of the state? And is there anything that can be done to stop or slow them? The purpose is to gain an understanding of a number of different perspectives on life and politics, especially Confucianism, Legalism and Daoism.
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